Different types of batiste are following

• Imperial Batiste (65% Polyester, 35% Combed-Cotton)

• Prima Batiste (100% Swiss Prima Cotton)

• Satin Batiste (100% Swiss Pima Cotton)

• Viscose Batiste (100% Viscose)

 

How Batiste Fabric is used?

• Batiste in Apparel: Men’ Shirt, Shirtdress, Chemisier, Tunic, Lining Garments, Layered Skirt, Children’s Clothing

• Batiste in Accessories: Handkerchief, Summer Scarf, Lingerie

• Batiste in Home Décor: Pleated Pillow Shams, Non-sheer Curtains

Pros

• It is the most comfortable and practical choice to use in men’s shirting.

• It can be washed and delicately dried by machine.

• It is durable and can survive more wear and tear.

• It feels soft and delicate on the skin.

• It is a great choice for people suffering from allergies or those with sensitive skin.

 

Cons

• Like cotton, it is also prone to shrinking and stretching.

• It is not wrinkle resistant. 

It is a breathable material and can also be bleached, dyed, or printed, which makes it a perfect option for a variety of garments. 

 

The following are the most common types of poplin.

• Cotton Poplin

• Silk Poplin

• Synthetic Poplin

• Stretch Poplin

 

Silk poplin and poplin made of wool are generally preferred in cold countries, whereas, cotton poplin is more popular in warmer countries. 

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How Poplin Fabric is used?

• Poplin in Apparel: Women’s Dresses, Men Shirts, Jackets, Summer Trousers and Shorts, Blouses, Kids Clothing, Trenches, Sportswear, Raincoats

• Poplin in Home Décor: Upholstery, Tablecloths, Wall Hangings, Bedding, Pillow Cushions, Banners, Patchwork and Quilting

Pros

• It is a strong and durable fabric.

• It is versatile and can be used for a variety of fabrics.

• It doesn’t wrinkle and stain easily.

• It is one of the softest and comfortable fabrics available in the market.

• It is easy to maintain and also water-resistant.

 

Cons

• Poplin fabric is too thin.

• It is not very effective in blocking heat.

Oxford is a slightly thicker fabric with fine texture, which makes it quite comfortable to wear. It needs less care and stays better in shape. 

 

Most commonly used types of oxford fabrics are:

• Pinpoint Oxford

• Royal Oxford

 

Pinpoint oxford is created from finer yarn and thickest basket weave, which gives it a softer and smoother texture. On the other hand, royal oxford is created out of extremely fine and light threads, thus making it a shinier, smoother, and finer fabric than pinpoint or regular oxford fabric.

 

How Oxford Fabric is used?

• Oxford in Apparel: Dress Shirts, Button-down Shirts, Casual Shirts, Pants, Skirts, Pajamas

• Oxford in Accessories: Bags, Suitcases, Tents, Tourism Equipment

• Oxford in Home Décor: Duvet Covers, Pillow Shams, Wall Hangings

Pros

• It is one of the most commonly used fabrics for producing men’s shirts.

• It has a basket-weave structure, which makes it a sturdy and comfy fabric.

• It is becoming popular to make home décor fabrics.

• It has durable and breathable properties.

• Oxford fabrics get softer with each use and naturally resistant to wrinkles.

 

Cons

• Oxford fabrics need little more care while washing.

• It has lesser shine and silkiness than other cotton fabrics.

characteristics. It has a lustrous shine that comes from the innate qualities of silk or polyester. It is made from tightly twisted yarns woven together in a plain weave fashion, which makes it crisper and gives it the ability to hold its shape well. 

 

Different types of taffeta fabrics are the following:

• Silk Taffeta

• Synthetic Taffeta

• Yarn-dyed Taffeta

• Piece-dyed Taffeta

• Paper Taffeta

• Shot Silk Taffeta

• Antique Taffeta

• Moire Taffeta

 

How Taffeta Fabric is used?

• Taffeta in Apparel: Wedding Dresses, Luxury Evening Wear, Party Costumes, Costumes for Stage Plays, Linings for Jackets and Coats

• Taffeta in Accessories: Umbrellas, Handbags, Stuffing is Sleeping Bags, Parachutes

Pros

• It is quite lightweight and has a rich texture.

• Its smooth and shiny characteristics provide a luxurious feel. 

• It is mostly made from environment-friendly substances.

• Poly-based taffeta fabric is not very expensive.

• It is ideal for gowns and other luxury evening wear dresses.

 

Cons

• It is not breathable.

• It requires more maintenance.

• It is prone to creasing.

• Silk taffeta can be very expensive.

fabric has to be incredibly soft to be considered flannel. During brushing, a fine metal brush gently rubs the fabric, which raises fine fibers from the loosely spun yarns. It is relatively a warm fabric, which makes it durable and comfortable for winters. Flannel comes in various weights ranging from about 5 oz. / sq yd to 10-20 oz. / sq yd. 

 

Different types of flannel fabrics are the following:

• Wool Flannel

• Cotton Flanne

• Synthetic or Mixed Flannel

• Ceylon Flannel

• Baby Flannel

• Vegetable Flannel

• Flannelette

 

How Flannel Fabric is used?

• Flannel in Apparel: Button-down Shirts, Pants, Sweaters, Cardigans, Suits

• Flannel in Accessories: Bags, Purses, Belts

• Flannel in Home Décor: Bedsheets

Pros

• It can be made in various colors and patterns.

• Its shape remains intact after washing.

• It provides more warmth and comfort in the winter season.

• It can sustain a lot of wear and tear and does not need to be washed every day.

• It allows the wearer body to breathe without sweating excessively.

 

Cons

• It can be highly flammable.

• It can’t be worn all year long due to its heavy and warm nature. 

makes it perfect for heat retention in overly warm conditions. Linen fabrics are heavier and approximately 30% stronger than their cotton counterparts. Initially, linen fabrics feel crispier, but with time and use, they become softer. Linen can be blend with other fabrics and acquired some characteristics of the joining fibers. Most of the commonly used blends of linen are with rayon, cotton, and polyester. 

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Some of the types of linen fabric are the following:

• Damask Linen

• Plain-woven Linen

• Loosely-woven Linen

• Sheeting Linen

 

How Linen Fabric is used?

• Linen in Apparel: Shirts, Pants, Skirts, Jackets, Blazers, Vests, Night Gowns

• Linen in Home Décor: Napkins, Table Cloths, Kitchen and Bath Towels, Pillowcases, Bed Sheets

Pros

• Linen is two to three times stronger than cotton but dries at a much faster rate.

• It is available in almost every color.

• Due to its heat and moisture-wicking properties, it is ideal to use for summer clothing or bedding.

• It has anti-bacterial properties.

• It can be machine washed and becomes softer with time.

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Cons

• Linen fabrics have little elasticity; thus they can wrinkle quite a bit.

• It is more expensive than cotton fabric.

Its textile properties make it durable and strong. When it comes to weight, some types of canvas fabrics are lighter and some are heavy in weight. In terms of weight, the canvas is categorized by a numerical system. It comprises of grades ranging from 1 to 12, grade 1 being the heaviest kind of canvas, whereas grade 12 is the lightest.

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Different sorts of the canvas are as follows:

• Simple Weave Canvas

• Cotton and Linen Canvas

• Duck Canvas

• Art Canvas

 

​The differences are mainly in the materials used for weaving and the added chemicals for enhancing capabilities.

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How Canvas Fabric is used?

• Canvas in Apparel: Jackets, Footwear, Camping and Sailing Gear

• Other Usage: Sails, Tents, Bags, Paintings, Backdrops, Coverings, Upholster Furniture

Pros

• It is sturdy and durable.

• It can prints colors well.

• It is a washable fabric type.

• Canvas is receptive to chemical treatments, which enhance its natural properties.

• It is long-lasting and doesn’t require a lot of maintenance.

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Cons

• It is not very eco-friendly, as its manufacturing process involves the use of various chemicals.

• It doesn’t have a lot of drapes.

A special characteristic of denim fabric, which makes it different from the other cotton fabric, is the visible diagonal ribbing on the face of the fabric. The special twill weaving creates this diagonal weaving. 

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History of Denim:
Denim was first gained popularity in the 19th century, when a tailor from Nevada, named Jacob W. Davis, manufactured the first pair of Revit-enforced denim pants. It was all started when a customer requested him a pair of strong and durable pants for her husband to chop wood. During the manufacturing process, when Davis was about to finish the denim pants, he suddenly saw some copper rivets lying on his table. He then used those rivets to fasten the pockets. In no time, the popularity of denim jeans started to spread rapidly. 

Denim in Modern World:
With the passage of time, American designers started making other apparel items like denim jackets, shirts, wallets, etc. The manufacturing of iconic blue jeans, which was once limited to the United States, started to transfer oversees in the late 20th century. 
Nowadays, denim fabric comes in too many variations. Designers are continuously working feverishly to develop the latest design and trends in denim fashion.

How Denim Fabric is made?
The stages that are involved in the production of denim fabrics are the following.
1.    Cotton Cultivation:
The first stage in the production of finished denim fabric is the cultivation of the cotton plant. As the plant grows, it develops a thick ball of fibers around its small black-colored seeds. These fibers then are collected and separated from their seeds to make the fabric.
2.    Processing and Dyeing:
These clean cotton fibers are combed and changed into thin and long strings. With the help of an industrial machine, they are spun into yarn. During all the process, various washes, dyes, or treatments may be applied to change the attributes of the final denim product. 
3.    Weaving and Fabric Finishing:
After the production and dyeing of cotton yarn get completed, it is woven into iconic warp-faced denim style fabric. This fabric is then are used and shaped into finished consumer products. 

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There are a few famous types of denim available today. 

• Raw Denim

• Sanforized Denim

• Stretch Denim

• Crushed Denim

• Selvedge Denim

• Acid Wash Denim

• Poly Denim

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How Denim Fabric is used?

• Denim in Apparel: Jeans, Shirts, Skirts, Blouses, Jackets, Vests

• Denim in Accessories: Hats, Purses, Belts

• Denim in Home Décor: Curtains, Upholstery, Pillows, Blankets

Pros

• Most denim fabrics are durable and last for years with proper care.

• As denim comes in many weaves, so it can be used for practically any occasion.

• With added polyester, it becomes wrinkles resistant.

• It can also be used for making home décor and other products.

• It is a universally recognized fabric.

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Cons

• Denim fabric is poor in colorfastness.

• Sometimes, it creates thick layers of fabric when sewing.

Gabardine fabric is usually made of wool, but can also be made with cotton, texturized polyester, or a blend. It always has more warp than weft yarns. It also comes in a more open and much lighter texture, produced entirely from silk, and known as silk or voile gabardine.   

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How Gabardine Fabric is used?

• Gabardine in Apparel: Suits, Jackets, Overcoats, Trousers, Uniforms, Windbreakers

• Gabardine in Home Décor: Upholster Furniture, Tablecloths, Curtains, Pillowcases, Cushions

Pros

• It is known for having a silky and lustrous hand feel.

• Gabardine is water-resistant.

• It holds its shape well and doesn’t deform upon washing.

• Despite its strong properties, it is quite light and soft.

• It has good air permeability.

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Cons

• Gabardine is now relatively uncommon.

• It is only available in a limited variety of colors. 

In addition to tweed’s ability to resist the extreme environment, it has won an enduring place in the international fashion world. It comes in a variety of weights, weaves, colors, which stills makes it one of the favourite choices for the designers. The material ranges from lightweight and plain to colorful and heavy. Apart from being thick and durable, it is beloved for its natural allure. 

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With the passage of time, the following different types of tweed have emerged:

• Overcheck Tweed

• Twill

• Herringbone Tweed

• Checked Tweed

• Striped Tweed

• Estate Tweed

• Barleycorn Tweed

• Plaid Tweed

• Houndstooth Tweed

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How Tweed Fabric is used?

• Tweed in Apparel: Blazers, Coats, Hunted Jackets, Women’s Coats, Trench Coats, Military Jackets, Suit Jackets, Pants

• Tweed in Accessories: Flat Caps, Newspaper Boy Caps, Irish Flat Caps

Pros

• It allows the fabric to breathe by absorbing and releasing moisture quickly.

• It is very warm and acts as an insulator.

• Tweed fabric doesn’t need to be washed often.

• It resists wear and tears effectively.

• It is dirt and flame resistant.

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Cons

• Tweed needs proper dry cleaning.

• Improper washing can cause the garment to shrink.

• Tweed is not a versatile option. 

automatically in a shorter time. Modern technology also makes it possible to produce jacquard fabric with sophisticated designs in the desired range of colors. Apart from these characteristics, there are some other properties that are common in all types of jacquard fabric. They are stable and durable and provide resistance against wear and tear. Jacquard is wrinkle resistance fabric and always feels pleasant to touch. It fills with decorative aesthetics, which enhance the design of the fabric.

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History of Jacquard:
The weave of jacquard finds its origin in intricately patterned fabrics, called brocades. Hundreds of years ago, brocades were difficult to create and so expensive that they were only available to the very rich and upper nobility of the society. By the early 1800s, these fabrics were created by a tedious and painstaking process, but then, Joseph Marie Jacquard, who started out as a draw boy, created a device that was more efficient, required less labor, and could create an artistic design in the fabric. This machine was based on the concept of punch cards used in player pianos at that time. The same concept was later adapted and used in computer technology, which changed the meaning of patterned fabrics forever. 

 

Types of Jacquard Fabric:
In addition to the main jacquard fabric, there are several kinds of fabrics are being produced on a jacquard loom. They may seem similar to you but they have a number of differences. Some of the commonly found jacquard weave fabrics are the following:
•    Brocade:
It is an extravagantly designed raised fabric, which is woven with multi-colored threads to produce rich designs and patterns. It is used and popular in fashion clothing and upholstery. It is usually heavier than most of the other fabrics. 
•    Damask:
Damask is a reversible patterned fabric, which has more sheer and finer than brocade. Here the ground is one weave and the designs are another, thus resulting in patterned areas that possess a sheen and light. It can be ‘tonal’ or multicolored. 
•    Matelassé:
It is manufactured using cotton, silk, or rayon, and has a raised quilted effect. It comes in all sorts of designs, and can also be hand-stitched.
 

How Jacquard Fabric is used?

• Jacquard in Apparel: Shirts, Tops, Blouses, Dresses, Pants, Skirts, Jackets, Sweatshirts, Coats

• Jacquard in Accessories: Ties, Slings, Ribbons

• Jacquard in Home Décor: Upholstery, Draperies, Curtains, Table and Bed Linen

Pros

• Its wrinkle-resistant feel makes it perfect for everyday wear.

• It is stylish yet durable.

• The woven pattern won’t fade easily.

• Its exceptional quality is perfect for classic dresses.

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Cons

• Jacquard fabrics are still more expensive than many other fabrics.

• Sometimes, it loses elasticity.

Corduroy is a strong and durable fabric with a rounded cord, rib, or wale surface, which is formed by cut-pile yarn. The back of the fabric has a plain or a twill weave. Corduroy absorbs and releases moisture quickly, thus increasing the breathability of the fabric. It comes in different weights and is usually thick and very warm.

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How Corduroy Fabric is used?

• Corduroy in Apparel: Trousers, Shirts, Jackets, Skirts, Dresses

• Corduroy in Home Décor: Upholstery, Pillows

Pros

• It is very easy to sew.

• Corduroy comes in different weights.

• It is very warm and ideal, which makes it ideal for the winter season.

• It has a velvety feel making it durable yet soft and gentle to touch.

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Cons

• It is a seasonal fabric and not suitable for warm weather.

• As it has a nap, so you have to allow extra length.

various thicknesses. Thin leathers are used for fashion design, medium thickness leathers are mostly used for upholstery, automotive, shoes, bags, and leather goods. Whereas, thick leathers are making footwear soles and crafts. The softness of the leather depends on its thickness. The thinner leathers are usually softer but there are some other variables that make the leather softer, including the type of tannage. Leather has a unique characteristic, which enables it to absorb the moisture and with time-release it to the environment. It is a breathable material and comes in variations of color, texture, feels, smell, and surface resistance. 

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History of Leather:
Animal hides and skins have been used to make clothes and accessories from ever. You must have read about the Stone Age people who hunted wild animals for food and used their skin to cover themself. Spain produced a type of leather called ‘Cordovan’ in the 8th century, which remained popular throughout Europe for centuries. In the 15th century, leather tanning became common practice in Europe, and then the industrial revolution made it more sophisticated and gave a boost to the process of manufacturing leather. The use of chrome salts instead of natural tanning agents and the introduction of powerful machines resulted in faster and easier production of leather. 
 

Types of Leather:
Leather comes in various forms depending upon the various production processes. Some of the common types of leather are:
•    Brain Tanned Leather:
Emulsified oil extracted from the brains of animals is used in the production of this form of leather. It is usually soft and washable.
•    Vegetable Tanned Leather:
The production of vegetable-tanned leather uses extracts from vegetables, fruits, roots, and other plant extracts. It is one of the oldest methods of leather tanning. This form of leather is supple and brown in color and needs a relatively high level of maintenance. It is prone to discoloration, and can also become harden or brittle if soaked.
•    Synthetic Tanned Leather:
Aromatic Polymers, also known as synthetic plastics, are used in its production process. Synthetic tanned leather is usually white in color.
•    Rawhide:
Rawhide is produced by processing the animal hide through the simplest of methods that involve scraping the skin for achieving a thin layer and soaking the hide for some time, then stretching when it dries. Rawhide is stiff, brittle, and not commonly considered as actual leather.
•    Chrome Tanned Leather:
Chrome tanned leather is made from a production process in which chromium sulfate and other chromium salts are used. It takes around only one day to take complete this method, thus making it suitable for industrial use.
•    Aldehyde-tanned Leather:
Aldehyde-tanned leather, also known as ‘wet white’ due to its pale cream color, is obtained from a process that uses glutaraldehyde or oxazolidine compounds. It is one of the main types of chrome-free leather and is often used to make shoes for babies and in automobiles. 
 

There are some other forms of leather like Alum-Tanned Leather, Chamois Leather, Rose-Tanned Leather, Formaldehyde Leather, etc. 

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How Leather is used?

• Leather in Apparel: Jackets, Pants, Skirts, Raincoats

• Leather in Accessories: Footwear, Gloves, Watch Straps, Satchels, Backpacks, Wallets, Purses, Cases, Belts

• Leather in Home Décor: Couches, Chairs, Recliners

Pros

• Leather is durable and abrasion-resistant.

• If treated, it can become water and fire-resistant.

• It is a fabric that breathes well.

• Leather allows much more flexibility while keeping its shape and strength.

• Leather has a very unique smell.

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Cons

• It poses health hazards to the tanners due to the use of certain chemicals.

• It can be expensive from various other fabrics.

variants of faux leather are Polyurethane (PU) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). PU leather is softer and pliable, whereas PVC is a tough material. It is possible to make faux leather in any color. It is almost as good at insulating the body as genuine leather. Faux leather feels like plastic to the touch, and this is one of the greatest factors that differentiate it from the real leather.

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How Faux Leather is used?

• Faux Leather in Apparel: Jackets

• Faux Leather in Accessories: Footwear, Handbags, Gloves, Hats, Suitcases, Briefcases, Watch Bands, Smartphone and Camera Cases

• Faux Leather in Upholstery: Sofas, Car Seats, Chairs, Coffee Tables

Pros

• Synthetic leather can be made into any color and texture.

• It is more affordable than genuine leather.

• It doesn’t contain any animal products.

• It is usually durable and fade resistant.

• Fake leather is easy to clean.

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Cons

• Scratches aren’t easy to cover as polish doesn’t work well on fake leather.

• It doesn’t have the smell of genuine leather.

• It has a shorter lifecycle than genuine leather.